• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a method for producing a non-carrier concrete based on flax shives, said method comprising the following steps: incorporation into a shredder of linen flock in an aqueous mixture comprising at least one mineral binder ; a stirring of the flax shives and the aqueous mixture comprising at least one inorganic binder until a homogeneous mixture is obtained; an addition of at least one adjuvant product serving as a setting accelerator.
    公开号:BE1025982B1
    申请号:E2019/5023
    申请日:2019-01-15
    公开日:2019-09-04
    发明作者:Blaise Dupre；Boubker Laidoudi
    申请人:L.A. Liniere；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    COMPRISING FLAX MIXTURES WITH LIME AND A COCK ACCELERATOR
    Technical field and prior art
    The present invention relates to the building field, and more particularly to the manufacture of a concrete-type building material based on flax aggregates (or flax shives).
    The object of the present invention relates more specifically to a concrete based on linseed shrimp, called linseed concrete, which is non-load-bearing and contains flax aggregates mixed with hydraulic lime and / or pre-formulated lime. as well as possibly a setting accelerator.
    By non-load-bearing concrete, it is understood here that it is a concrete which is not a load-bearing concrete and, therefore, which is not intended for the construction of load-bearing walls in the building sector. Generally, such a non-load-bearing concrete is mainly appreciated for its sound and / or acoustic insulating properties and has a hygrometric regulation function.
    By flax aggregates or flax shives within the meaning of the present invention is meant throughout the following description by-products from flax scutching lines. The shives generally have a length of less than 250 mm and a density of between 75 and 105 kg / m3. These shives are most often the co-products of scutching lines after the step of defibering the flax.
    The use of these flax shives in the manufacture of concrete finds many advantageous applications in the construction industry, and in particular the building industry and in particular the construction of new buildings.
    Concrete is a composite building material which, conventionally, is made from mineral aggregates (gravel larger than 1 cm), agglomerated by a powdery mineral binder (for example cement, lime or calcium sulphate) .
    Mortar is also a composite building material made in particular from aggregates (gravel less than 1 cm in size) agglomerated by a powdery mineral binder similar to that of concrete.
    2019/5023
    BE2019 / 5023
    Generally, whether it is a concrete or a mortar, the mineral binder is hydrated, in other words brought into contact with water during a mixing process called "mixing" allowing agglomeration aggregates.
    We are talking about concrete (or mortar) based on hydraulic binders.
    Conventional concrete manufacturing techniques are widely known from the state of the art.
    However, we know that the building sector strongly affects the environment through the consumption of natural resources and energy.
    This consumption is accompanied by emissions of waste and pollutants acting on the global, local and indoor climate.
    In this context, it is preferable that the constructions are energy efficient and use materials with low environmental and health impacts.
    Thermal regulations are thus gradually being strengthened in order to limit the energy needs of buildings; To this end, we note that many labels have been created in order to encourage technological innovation around these energy reductions.
    Thus, the requirements of the different thermal regulations and the development of several labels, lead to the use of increasingly airtight and very efficient envelopes in terms of thermal insulation.
    In parallel, incentives are proposed in favor of bio-based materials so that they take an important part in the composition of building materials.
    It is thus noted that one of the objectives set at the end of the Grenelle is to reach 10% of bio-based materials in the building, excluding timber, by 2020.
    Among these bio-based materials, concretes incorporating plant particles such as hemp, flax or miscanthus concretes meet these challenges.
    The development of agricultural products for non-food purposes has therefore taken on a new dimension in recent decades: a new era is opening up for plants thanks to advances in research in the field of building materials.
    Concrete has been known since the 1990s, incorporating hemp from the hemp plant.
    The hemp seed, rich in lignins, is the internal part of the textile hemp stem.
    2019/5023
    BE2019 / 5023
    The publication in 2007 of professional rules for the execution of works in hemp concrete shows the maturity and the desire to structure this sector.
    The latter is organized to provide sufficient quantities of hemp for industrial use (around 350,000 m3 / year).
    Today, the applications of hemp concrete in the building are mainly limited to filling often associated with a wooden frame or non-loadbearing elements, due to rather low mechanical strengths.
    The main qualities of hemp concrete are therefore based on their low environmental impact as well as their hygrothermal behavior limiting the building's energy needs while ensuring a good level of perceived comfort.
    Hemp concrete has qualities compared to conventional concrete that explain the development of its manufacture and its increasingly widespread use as a masonry element, in particular in the construction or renovation of non-load-bearing type walls (non-exhaustive list) :
    - External Thermal Insulation (ITE) on masonry walls or concrete support;
    - External Thermal Insulation (ITE) on post / beam system;
    - External Thermal Insulation (ITE) on a wooden frame;
    - Insulation by filling a post / beam system;
    - Insulation by filling a wooden frame system;
    - Interior Thermal Insulation (ITI) on masonry walls or concrete support;
    - Interior Thermal Insulation (ITI) on wooden frame;
    - Mixed External Thermal Insulation (ITE) on post / beam system and Insulation by filling a post / beam system;
    - Mixed Thermal Insulation by the Exterior (ITE) on a wood frame system and Insulation by filling a wood frame system.
    The shives of flax, an agricultural co-product of flax, whose production is around 1,500,000 m3 / year, are also of interest in concrete, given the performance levels that can be obtained.
    These materials from the cultivation of flax have been the subject of numerous research studies in recent years.
    Today, we know how to make non-load-bearing concrete from flax aggregates.
    2019/5023
    BE2019 / 5023 We are talking about linen concrete.
    Linen concretes are composite building materials in which the mineral aggregates traditionally used for the manufacture of conventional concrete are at least partially replaced by flax aggregates (or flax shives).
    However, the manufacture of linseed concrete is largely dependent on the production of a concrete having rapid drying, low chemical reactivity with the environment, small dimensional variations as a function of hygrothermal variations.
    The manufacture of non-load-bearing flax concrete remains complex, which is an obstacle to the development of the flax sector in the building sector.
    Subject and summary of the present invention
    The present invention aims to improve the situation described above.
    The present invention aims more particularly to remedy the various drawbacks mentioned above by proposing a formulation which makes it possible to obtain a non-carrier flax concrete having particularly advantageous properties, both in terms of its thermal and acoustic insulation capacities and in its ability to transmit water vapor, than its dimensional stability vis-à-vis hygrothermal variations in its environment.
    The present invention relates, according to a first aspect, to a process for manufacturing a non-load-bearing concrete based on flax shives, said process comprising the following successive steps:
    o incorporation in a kneader of flax anas in an aqueous mixture comprising at least one mineral binder;
    o mixing of the flax shives and the aqueous mixture comprising at least one mineral binder until a homogeneous mixture is obtained;
    o an addition of at least one adjuvant product serving as setting accelerator.
    The succession of these stages and in particular the fact of adding an adjuvant product after brewing the flax shives is characteristic of the present invention.
    This technique of adding a setting accelerator to the flax concrete makes it possible to increase the mechanical strengths from 0.05 - 0.1 MPa to 0.3 - 1 MPa and to palletize the blocks more quickly, saving 3 to 5 days per compared to mixing without setting accelerator.
    In a 2001 KHAZMA publication entitled "Influence of sucrose addition on the performance of a lignocellulostic composite with a cementious matrix", we find the
    2019/5023
    BE2019 / 5023 stages of incorporation, stirring and addition of an adjuvant. However, in this document, the steps do not follow each other in this order.
    Conversely, in the invention, the adjuvant is only added after having obtained a homogeneous mixture between the binder (s) and the flax shives, this makes it possible to have an optimal setting time. The addition of the setting accelerator also requires stirring before shaping, always in order to have the most homogeneous raw material possible.
    Advantageously, the at least one adjuvant product comprises calcium formate and / or calcium chloride or any other type of setting accelerators known in the concrete industry.
    Advantageously, the at least one adjuvant product is used in dilute aqueous solution or in powder at a rate of approximately 0.5 to 3% by weight of adjuvant product relative to the weight of binders used.
    Advantageously, the at least one mineral binder comprises a hydraulic lime, an aerial lime, a pre-formulated lime, a mixture of hydraulic and aerial lime or even a mixture of hydraulic and pre-formulated lime.
    In a particular embodiment, the at least one mineral binder is used at a rate of approximately 80 to 130 kilograms for 1 m3 of flax shives.
    Preferably, the method according to the present invention comprises, prior to the incorporation step, an initial mixing of at least one mineral binder with water to obtain the aqueous mixture comprising the at least one mineral binder.
    Preferably, the initial mixing of the at least one mineral binder with water is carried out for approximately 100 and 200 seconds.
    Preferably, the mixing of the flax shives and the aqueous mixture comprising the at least one mineral binder is carried out for approximately 3 to 10 minutes.
    Advantageously, the flax shives used are fiber flax shives.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the method according to the present invention comprises a mixture of said aggregates of flax shives with one or more lime, the mixing of water supplemented with one or more setting accelerators, a molding followed by a drying.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, 1 m 3 of non-loadbearing prefabricated flax concrete is obtained by mixing between 60 and 115 kilograms of mixed lime with 60 to 140 liters of water (depending on the initial humidity of the shives of flax) then adding 55 to 95 kilograms of flax shives and 0.5 to 3.5% relative to the mass of lime in setting accelerator.
    The mixture is then molded and dried.
    2019/5023
    BE2019 / 5023 The dried flax concrete thus obtained has a density of between 250 and 500 kg / m, good qualities of thermal insulation. It also has good qualities of sound insulation and transmission to water vapor.
    The present invention relates, according to a second aspect, to a non-load-bearing concrete based on flax shives capable of being obtained by the manufacturing process such as that described above.
    Linen concrete obtained here in the context of the invention thus has, compared to conventional concretes, qualities of lightness, thermal insulation and acoustic insulation, permeability to water vapor which, combined with the advantage allow the development of flax by-products, explain the development of its manufacture and its use as a masonry element, in particular the construction and renovation of non-load-bearing walls.
    Detailed description of various examples of implementations of the invention
    The examples which follow are provided by way of simple illustration of the invention, with respect to which they are in no way limiting.
    EXAMPLE 1 Manufacture of Biosourced Concrete Containing Flax Shives Mixed with Lime and a Calcium Formate-type Setting Accelerator
    In a kneader of known type, 60 kg of lime are introduced, onto which 60 liters of water are poured. It is stirred for 100 seconds and then 0.75 m3 of flax shrimp is added. The mixture is stirred for a further 4 minutes until a homogeneous mixture without agglomerates is obtained. 0.5 kg of a calcium formate type setting accelerator is then added under vigorous mixing for 2 minutes. It is shaped and dried according to known techniques, for example by cleaning.
    A non-load-bearing flax concrete is obtained, the density of which is approximately 250 to 500 kg / m3.
    Example 2: Manufacture of bio-based concrete containing flax shives mixed with lime and a setting accelerator of the calcium chloride type
    In a kneader of known type, 110 kilograms of lime are introduced, onto which 110 liters of water are poured. It is stirred for 180 seconds and then 0.85 m3 of flax shrimp is added. The mixture is stirred for another 6 minutes until a homogeneous mixture without agglomerates is obtained.
    2019/5023
    BE2019 / 5023 1.5 kg of a calcium chloride type setting accelerator is then added under vigorous mixing for 3 minutes. It is shaped and dried according to known techniques, for example by cleaning.
    A non-load-bearing flax concrete is obtained, the density of which is approximately 250 to 500 kg / m3.
    In the various examples above, the flax concretes obtained have shown good performance with regard to their dimensional stability, excellent qualities of acoustic insulation, thermal insulation, lightness, ability to transmit to water vapor. as well as good aptitude for industrial machining, in particular sawing and cutting.
    The low density of flax concrete facilitates its implementation by technical operators.
    In addition, thanks to its interesting thermal properties, the use of this type of concrete makes it possible to reduce, or even in certain cases, to do without additional thermal insulation. This additional function compared to other products in the same fields of application thus makes it possible to generate savings in construction materials over the entire project.
    The present invention thus relates to a concrete of flax which is characterized in particular in that it contains a granulate of flax kneaded with lime or with a mixture of lime and optionally a setting accelerator.
    The prefabricated non-load-bearing flax concrete according to the invention is obtained by the following sequence of operations, carried out in a mixer:
    a) Brewing lime or a mixture of lime with water;
    b) Addition of flax shives and brewing;
    c) Possible addition of an adjuvant product (setting accelerators);
    d) Draining non-load-bearing flax concrete for molding and finally drying.
    Step a) of mixing lime or a mixture of lime and water is carried out very quickly, for 100 to 200 seconds.
    Step b) is also carried out quickly, for 3 to 10 minutes, the flax shives being poured into the mixer under vigorous stirring until a perfectly homogeneous mixture is obtained.
    Step c) is carried out until a homogeneous mixture is obtained under vigorous stirring.
    2019/5023
    BE2019 / 5023 Alternatively, the prefabricated non-load-bearing linen concrete according to the invention can also be obtained by the following sequence of operations, carried out in a mixer:
    a) Adding flax shives to the mixer;
    b) Adding pre-wetting water with vigorous stirring for 2 to 5 mins;
    c) Adding the binder (s) while maintaining vigorous stirring for 2 to 5 mins;
    d) Adding the rest of the water to the mixture with vigorous stirring for 1 to 3 mins;
    e) Possible addition of an adjuvant product (setting accelerators);
    f) Draining non-load-bearing flax concrete for molding and finally drying.
    Step b) of mixing the flax shives and the water is carried out very quickly, lasting 2 to 5 mins.
    Steps c) and d) are also carried out quickly, for 2 to 5 minutes until a perfectly homogeneous mixture is obtained.
    It should be observed that this detailed description relates to a particular embodiment of the present invention, but that in no case this description does not have any limiting character to the object of the invention; on the contrary, its objective is to remove any possible imprecision or any misinterpretation of the claims which follow.
    It should also be observed that the reference signs put in brackets in the following claims are in no way limiting; the sole purpose of these signs is to improve the intelligibility and understanding of the claims which follow as well as the scope of the protection sought.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    BE2019 / 5023
    1. A method of manufacturing a non-load-bearing concrete based on flax shives comprising the following successive steps:
    o incorporation in a kneader of flax anas in an aqueous mixture comprising at least one mineral binder;
    o mixing of the flax shives and the aqueous mixture comprising at least one mineral binder until a homogeneous mixture is obtained;
    o an addition of at least one adjuvant product serving as setting accelerator.
    [2]
    2. Method according to claim 1, wherein said at least one adjuvant product comprises calcium formate and / or calcium chloride.
    [3]
    3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said at least one adjuvant product is used in dilute aqueous solution or powder in a proportion of 0.5 to 3% by weight of adjuvant product relative to the weight of binders used.
    [4]
    4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said at least one mineral binder comprises hydraulic lime, aerial lime, preformulated lime, a mixture of hydraulic and aerial lime or a mixture of hydraulic lime and pre-formulated.
    [5]
    5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said at least one mineral binder is used at a rate of 80 to 130 kilograms per 1 m 3 of flax shrimp.
    [6]
    6. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, which comprises prior to the incorporation step an initial mixing of at least one mineral binder with water to obtain said aqueous mixture comprising said at least one mineral binder.
    [7]
    7. The method of claim 6, wherein the initial mixing of at least one mineral binder with water is carried out for 100 to 200 seconds.
    2019/5023
    BE2019 / 5023
    [8]
    8. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the mixing of the flax shives and of the aqueous mixture comprising the at least one mineral binder is carried out for 3 to 10 minutes.
    [9]
    9. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, which comprises a mixture of said aggregates of flax shives treated with one or more lime, the mixing of water supplemented with one or more setting accelerators, a molding followed by drying.
    [10]
    10. Non-load-bearing concrete based on linseed shives capable of being obtained by a manufacturing process according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    LU101094B1|2019-08-20|
    NL2022491B1|2019-08-14|
    BE1025982A1|2019-08-29|
    FR3077570A1|2019-08-09|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR2997394A1|2012-10-25|2014-05-02|Ct D Etudes Et De Rech S De L Ind Du Beton Manufacture|AGROSOURCE LIGHT CONCRETE AND ITS USE|
    FR3027898B1|2014-11-04|2016-11-04|Italcementi Spa|HYDRAULIC MIXTURE COMPRISING VEGETABLE GRANULATES AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING CONCRETE OR MORTAR THEREFROM|
    法律状态:
    2019-10-14| FG| Patent granted|Effective date: 20190904 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1850922A|FR3077570A1|2018-02-05|2018-02-05|NON-CARRIER CONCRETE TYPE CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL COMPRISING LIME-LINKED LINEN ANAS AND A SLEEVE ACCELERATOR|
    FR1850922|2018-02-05|
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